Whitaker Test |概述
A Whitaker test is a minimally invasive, image guided treatment used to measure the pressures in the kidney and bladder to determine whether or not an obstruction exists in your child's urinary system. It detects subtle obstructions that cannot be detected by imaging or other means.
How Boston Children's approaches the Whitaker test
该测试是由介入的放射科医生进行的，他们受到了对婴儿和儿童进行此程序的高度训练。
In addition to the interventional radiologist, your child will be treated by a team of anesthesiologists, nurse practitioners, nurses and technologists who specialize in caring for children undergoing interventional radiology procedures and treatments.
We perform Whitaker tests in the interventional radiology suite on the second floor of the hospital, which features three procedure rooms equipped with the latest imaging technology, a recovery area for patients who have received sedation or anesthesia and examining rooms for outpatient visits.
Common Questions
什么时候需要惠特克测试？
医生建议对尿路扩张上尿（扩大）的选定患者进行惠特克测试，但尚不清楚该病情是否是由阻塞引起的。该测试可以帮助您的孩子的医生确定是否需要手术。
How does it work?
如果将液体注入肾脏的速度比通过阻塞更快，则肾脏内部的压力将会上升，并且膀胱压力将保持不变或落下。
在惠特克测试中，同时测量两个器官内部的压力，从而使放射科医生甚至可以检测到轻度的堵塞。前纤维谱系是另一种介入的放射学程序，它可视化从肾脏流入输尿管和膀胱的对比度，是惠特克测试的组成部分。
How should I prepare my child for the procedure?
Explain to your child in simple terms why the treatment is needed and what will happen. You can say that you will be close by and that she may bring a favorite toy or blanket into the procedure room.
What will happen before the Whitaker test?
Someone from the hospital will call you a few days before the test to tell you where to go when you come to the hospital. The staff member will talk about when your child should stop eating, drinking and taking medicines.
当您到达医院以进行手术时：
- The interventional radiologist will talk to you about the procedure and ask you to sign the consent form. (You must be your child's legal guardian to sign this form. If you are a legal guardian and not a parent, you must bring the paperwork showing proof of legal guardianship.)
- 麻醉师将解释麻醉计划，并要求您签署单独的同意书。
- 您的孩子会变成医院礼服。
- A nurse or anesthesiologist may start an intravenous (IV) line.
- Once your child is asleep, you will be escorted to a special waiting area.
在过程中会发生什么？
- 您的孩子将放在血管造影桌上，并放在全身麻醉下。
- The nurse will insert a small, soft tube into your child's bladder.
- Your child will be positioned prone (on the stomach), and the kidneys will be examined with an ultrasound probe.
- The technologist will clean the skin of your child's back with a special iodine solution and places sterile drapes to prevent infection.
- The radiologist will insert a local anesthetic (numbing medicine) into the skin and then places a thin needle into the kidney, using the ultrasound images for guidance.
- The radiologist uses the needle to deliver contrast material into the kidney at a specific rate.
- Pressures are measured through the needle in the kidney and the catheter in the bladder.
At the end of the procedure, the needle and catheter are removed and a small bandage is applied where the needle was inserted. Occasionally, in cases where significant obstruction is found, the radiologist will place an indwelling catheter (nephrostomy tube) in the kidney through the initial puncture site. This will allow urine to drain until your child's medical team can formulate a plan to treat the obstruction.
What happens after the Whitaker test?
Your child will be taken to the recovery room, where we will closely monitor him. You may be with your child in the recovery room.
How will I learn the results?
介入放射科医生将在手术后与您交谈，并解释结果和结果。
安全吗？
When performed by an appropriately trained and experienced interventional radiologist, the Whitaker test is safe. As the procedure is performed under general anesthesia, your child will feel no discomfort. There may be some mild discomfort at the puncture sites after the procedure.
在Whitaker测试期间，您的孩子将暴露于电离辐射（X射线）。虽然我们总是试图最大程度地减少X射线的接触，但我们认为，准确诊断的好处大于过程中发生的暴露。由于儿童比成人对辐射暴露更敏感，因此我们一直是调整设备和程序以向年轻患者提供最低剂量的领导者。