超声检查和准备

When is ultrasonography needed?

超声波可以在身体的许多部位上执行。

腹部

腹部超声是内脏的超声，包括肝脏，胆囊，脾，胰腺，肾脏和膀胱。当孩子有时，我们进行腹部超声：

• abdominal pain
• 胆囊中的石头或肾脏
• 扩大腹部器官
• 幽门狭窄
• 阑尾炎

头

一个head ultrasound is an ultrasound of the brain. It looks at the brain tissues and ventricles. It is usually performed on infants who still have a soft spot (called the fontanelle) in their skulls. We perform a head ultrasound when:

• 一个baby has an enlarged head circumference
• 筛选bleeding in the brain, especially in早产儿
• 寻找感染的迹象
• 筛选先天性异常

Hip

Hip ultrasound is used to take pictures of the hips of babies to look for a dislocated or underdeveloped hip. Both hips will be examined. It can be performed in babies from the newborn period to about 6-8 months of age. We perform a hip ultrasound when:

• an abnormality is found through physical examination of a baby's hip
• a family has history of髋关节发育不良
• a baby is breech

肾

一个kidney ultrasound takes pictures of both kidneys and the urinary bladder. It does not directly test the function of the kidneys. Some reasons we perform a kidney ultrasound are:

• prenatally检测到异常（如肾水肿的）
• 尿路感染
• 尿液中的血液
• high blood pressure
• back or abdominal pain
• 已知或疑似肾结石
• 家族史肾脏疾病
• 与肾异常相关的综合征和病症。

Pelvic

一个pelvic ultrasound is used to take pictures of the pelvic organs, and is usually done to look at the uterus and ovaries in a girl. It will also be used to look at the bladder. Pelvic ultrasound can also be done in boys. A pelvic ultrasound is done to look for a cause of pelvic pain or search for a possible mass.

脊柱

一个spine ultrasound is used to take pictures of the spinal cord and surrounding structures in a baby who is usually less than 4 months old. A spine ultrasound is done to look for an abnormality of the spinal cord.

What kind of equipment do we use to perform ultrasounds?

• 超声波机器是关于杂货车的尺寸。
• 一个TV screen for viewing the images is attached to the machine.
• 超声machines are portable and require no special support or shielding other than a good source of electricity.
• 用于扫描的空间具有暗淡照明，因此可以更清楚地看到图片。