溃疡性结肠炎|诊断和治疗
How is ulcerative colitis diagnosed in children?
Diagnosing ulcerative colitisbegins with an examination and a detailed medical history. Your child’s clinician will rule out other possible causes and may recommend one or more of the following tests:
- 血液检查
- stool sample tests
- endoscopy
- 结肠镜检查
- video capsule endoscopy
- MR enterography
- 活检
- imaging studies
一旦有准确的诊断，目标是让您的孩子走上适当的护理和治疗小儿溃疡性结肠炎，最重要的是，要尽快开始感觉好些。
溃疡性结肠炎如何治疗？
一致ulcerative colitis treatmentand a good understanding of the condition, the vast majority of children with the condition go on to live full and active lives. Depending on the severity ofsymptoms，治疗溃疡性结肠炎通常需要多种方法：
Medication
Drug therapy can reduce inflammation and control symptoms.溃疡性结肠炎药物may include:
- anti-inflammatory drugs, such as steroids, to bring the disease under control
- immune system suppressants that can reduce swelling
- 治疗相关并发症的抗生素，例如脓肿或瘘管
- antiulcer/H2 blockers (acid-reducing medications) to treat related ulcers and irritation
Nutrition support
All of our patients have the option to meet a registered dietitian who will develop an ulcerative colitis diet to help control your child’s symptoms and improve health.
Surgery
A percentage of children, adolescents, and young adults with ulcerative colitis, who do not respond to or have significant side effects to medications, may need surgery. Surgical treatment includes removal of the colon, also called the large bowel (colectomy), and the creation of an internal “J” shaped reservoir (J-pouch）在两个或三个手术程序中，称为“阶段”，基于特定情况可能包括：
- 回肠造口术：腹部手术创建的临时开口。小肠的末端是通过此开口带来的，形成了造口。一个小袋（或骨造口袋）戴在造口上以收集凳子，每天被多次清空。
- ileoanal j袋：此过程是从小肠中创建内部J袋，然后连接到肛门。去除结肠后，它可以通过肛门消除粪便。经过所有手术后，造口消失了，可以以“正常方式”去洗手间。