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What is esophageal achalasia?

食管酸acalasia是食道的一种罕见疾病,使吞咽困难。发生这种情况是因为食道的神经不起作用。患有食道阿萨拉氏症的儿童由于缺乏神经而无法充分将食物向下推向胃。食管阿萨拉氏症的儿童可能患有营养不良,胸痛和呼吸困难等并发症。这是一种进行性疾病,这意味着如果不治疗,它可能会变得更糟。

是什么引起食道阿萨拉氏症?

食管阿萨拉氏症的原因尚不清楚。

食管阿萨拉氏症的症状是什么?

食管阿萨拉氏症的症状可能出现在婴儿中,也可以在儿童期或成年时逐渐出现。最常见的症状是:

  • 难以吞咽液体或固体
  • 觉得食物被困在胸前
  • 未消化的吞咽食物和液体的反流
  • 胸痛/胃灼热
  • sensation of a lump in the throat
  • 打ic
  • 减肥
  • 哮喘

如何诊断食道阿萨拉氏症?

食管酸acalasia被诊断出患有食管测量法。在此测试期间,将细管通过鼻子或嘴放入食道,以测量食道和下食管括约肌内的压力。

其他可能用于诊断此疾病的测试或确定是否需要食管测量法包括:

  • 胸部x-rays: These simple exams can show distortion of the esophagus, which can indicate achalasia.
  • 钡燕子测试:此过程涉及吞咽一种称为钡的物质,这是一种用于涂层器官内部的白垩液体,以便它们会在X射线上显示。
  • Endoscopy: This procedure involves the use of a thin and lighted tube placed through the nose or mouth into the esophagus to "see" inside the esophagus.

另一项可用于评估孩子的测试包括Endofip(内胚型功能腔成像探针),这是一种用于补充传统诊断测试的新型微创装置,例如高分辨率的食管手测和食管食管。

食管阿萨拉氏症有哪些治疗选择?

治疗食管酸腹痛涉及通过任何一种来缓解障碍物:

  • 食管dilation: A non-surgical therapy that passes a balloon into the esophagus to open the lower esophageal sphincter and widens the opening where food enters the stomach. Your child will be lightly sedated for this procedure.
  • Myotomy: A minimally invasive surgical procedure to cut the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing food and liquids to pass to the stomach. A myotomy is typically performed with surgical instruments through the chest wall and requires a short hospital stay. At Boston Children's, a myotomy can also be performed endoscopically with a scope advanced through the mouth in a procedure called多层内窥镜肌切开术(诗)

这些手术无法治愈食道阿萨拉氏症,但它们确实为大多数患者提供了长期缓解症状。

某些药物可暂时用于治疗食管酸酸性。这些包括钙通道阻滞剂,反痉挛药或肉毒杆菌毒素到下部食管括约肌。所有这些都在特定情况下使用,并且不常规。

我们如何照顾食管酸​​腹腔

熟练的临床医生和Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Center气化中心在波士顿儿童医院有经验在diagnosing and treating children with a range of aerodigestive and motility concerns, including esophageal achalasia. We have a rich understanding of the complexity of the swallowing process, which allows us to consider all aspects of this mechanism when evaluating and treating esophageal achalasia.

食管阿萨拉氏症|程序和服务

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